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Margins are central to manage counterparty risks, but can create liquidity risks
15/05/2025 -Margin is a key tool for managing counterparty risk in transactions involving derivative contracts. The use of margins and clearing at central counterparties (CCPs) are important keys to reducing contagion risks among derivatives market...
Instant payments contribute to innovation and efficiency – how to manage risks to boost development
20/05/2025 -Consumers have become accustomed to instant payments and expect to be able to make transactions quickly and securely. The benefits of instant payments are many. For instance, they contribute to increased innovation and efficiency in the payments...
Drivers and implications of the strong growth in consumption loans
15/01/2018 -Over the last year, the growth rate of consumption loans has increased sharply, from less than 3 per cent per year in mid-2016 to above 8 per cent in recent months. This development may increase the vulnerability of households to disturbances in...
Slowdown in foreign trade worrying for Swedish economy
22/05/2020 -Global trade has increased rapidly since the early 1990s, thanks to technological developments and increasingly liberal trade regulations. But, after the great recession of 2008–2009, this development has come to a halt. A return to a global...
No significant increase in financially vulnerable firms during the first year of the pandemic
28/10/2021 -The total number of financially vulnerable firms did not increase significantly during the first year of the pandemic compared to 2019. This is shown in a new study by Cristina Cella of the Riksbank's Financial Stability Department. However,...
Smaller banks are also important when assessing systemic risk in the banking sector
21/10/2025 -The market-based systemic risk measure SRISK is used to estimate banks' expected capital shortfalls in a crisis. For the first time, the calculations include all Swedish banks. The results show that the major banks account for most of the...
The possible impact of the digital euro on Sweden
14/05/2024 -Eurosystem central banks are well advanced in their efforts to design a central bank digital currency, known as a digital euro. A digital euro is mainly intended for use within the euro area. However, a legislative proposal from the European...
Home equity extraction activities in Sweden
15/05/2020 -Estimates suggest that one-third of mortgage borrowers in Sweden have extracted home equity at least once during the period 2010 – 2017. Home equity extraction raises the debt-to-income ratio of households by 50-70 percentage points, which may...
Can equity price movements be better explained when taking interest rates directly into account?
02/11/2021 -Equity valuation metrics, such as the cyclically adjusted P/E (CAPE) ratio, can help explain subsequent stock price movements in Sweden. This is one of the conclusions in a new staff memo where the authors evaluate the explanatory power of two...
Cryptoassets may entail risks to the financial system
19/05/2022 -Fintech contributes innovation and development in the financial system, but can also present challenges for authorities and risks to the financial system, particularly with regard to cryptoassets. As fintech and cryptoassets have increased in...