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Sharp rise in number of borrowers among older people
20/03/2018 -The average debt-to-income ratio of households increased from 289 to 311 per cent between 2010 and 2016. During the same period, the median debt-to-income ratio rose from 221 to 258 per cent. The number of people aged around 35 who borrow – the...
Zombie firms in Sweden do not constitute a threat to either financial stability or economic growth
29/09/2020 -In most developed countries, there has been an increase in economically weak companies, known as “zombie firms”. Cristina Cella has studied Swedish zombie firms. Her analysis shows that zombie firms have not increased dramatically in Sweden over...
How the Riksbank's asset purchases during the pandemic affected various financial prices
11/03/2022 -The Riksbank’s asset purchases during the pandemic contributed to more expansionary financial conditions via lower yields, in particular on municipal bonds and covered bonds, a somewhat weaker krona and slightly higher equity prices. This is...
High and rising financial vulnerabilities can have an impact on future economic growth
07/06/2022 -High and rapidly rising financial risks and vulnerabilities pose a greater risk of strongly negative economic growth in the future. This is illustrated by the Riksbank’s latest analysis of the Growth-at-Risk (GaR) risk measure. The Staff Memo “...
The money market is central to the implementation of monetary policy
21/08/2024 -In a new staff memo, the authors show that interest rates in the money market were affected in the way that could be expected when the Riksbank raised the policy rate in 2022 and 2023. The staff memo also illustrates transaction patterns,...
Staff Memo: The problems with an ageing population can have a greater impact on forecasts
19/02/2025 -Ageing populations will hold back economic growth in many countries in the coming decades - Sweden is no exception. Demographics are already a factor in the Riksbank's forecasting, but major changes are now expected in a relatively short time.
Swedish net exports are largely made up of goods that have been produced abroad
17/01/2018 -The authors of a new staff memo show that Sweden's current account surplus is no longer due to the traditional trade in goods. Instead, it is what is known as merchanting, the trade margin that arises between the purchase price and the sale...
Difficult to compare consumer price indices between countries
24/01/2020 -Consumer price indices and inflation rates can vary between different countries, due in part to data being collected and processed in different ways. This is important to bear in mind when comparing measurements of consumer prices in different...
Market for corporate bonds still vulnerable
08/10/2020 -The corporate bond market has been hit particularly hard by the coronavirus pandemic in both Sweden and other countries. In this Staff Memo, the author provides a detailed picture of the events in March 2020 and onwards and highlights possible...
Another perspective on financial stability risks
07/09/2021 -Macrofinancial conditions can be useful when forecasting future growth and its potential downside risks. This is one of the conclusions in a new staff memo where the authors apply the Growth-at-Risk (GaR) framework to study the relation between...